Pesticides is an important agricultural production and relief supplies, the prevention of agricultural pests, to protect agricultural production and rural incomes and agricultural storage plays an indispensable role. At present, China 90% of the pesticides used in agricultural production, non-agricultural use of pesticides accounted for about 10%.
First, the Status and Problems of Development
(A) Status
After years of development, China has formed, including research and development, the original drug production, formulation processing, raw materials and intermediates, pesticides, supporting more complete industrial system, pesticide production capacity and production has been in the forefront of the world, steadily improve product quality, variety increasing the quality and efficiency of agriculture provides a strong support.
Industries have been expanding. As of 2010, more than 1,800 pesticide manufacturers in China, where more than 500 original drug manufacturers, the industry employed 16 million people. By 2010 sales value of 158.96 billion yuan at current prices, profit 8.69 billion yuan, total assets of 124.69 billion yuan.2010, China produced 2.342 million tons of pesticides (active ingredient fold), an increase of 20.4%, export 613,000 tons, an increase of 20.8%. In 2010, China's pesticide production capacity of over 2 million tons, preparation of production capacity of more than 500 million tons, sales of more than 1 billion business over eight pesticides, the main business for the 18 pesticides listed companies. Shown in Table 1.
Product mix continued to improve. At present, China can produce more than 260 perennial species of the original drugs, more than 3,000 varieties of preparations, highly toxic pesticide reduction plan implemented smoothly and in 2007, methamidophos, monocrotophos, five kinds of highly toxic organophosphate to stop production and all varieties used by a number of high efficiency, low toxicity pesticide products to optimize production processes, efficient residue varieties accounted for 95%. Three varieties from the structure, the declining proportion of pesticides in 2005 from 41.8% down to 31.4% in 2010, the proportion of fungicides and herbicides from 2005 to 10.1% and 28.6%, adjusted to 2010 was 7.1% and 45.0%, the structure of varieties have been greatly improved. Table 2.
Research and development capabilities have been enhanced. "Eleventh Five-Year", China's increased investment in research and development, the establishment of a north-south Pesticide Center, relying on the existing strength of pesticide research, create a group with independent intellectual property rights and efficient pesticide varieties, such as insect pesticide sulfur nitratephosphorus, the grass herbicide-propyl ether, morpholine fungicides such as fluorine.
(B) problems
China's rapid industrial development of the pesticide, long-term accumulation of contradictions and problems have gradually emerged.
1 industry concentration is low, small scale enterprises. China's current pesticide production enterprises more than 500, scattered layout, smaller, has not yet internationally competitive enterprises. The following sales of 50 million yuan more than 250 companies, top 10 pesticide companies the proportion of sales accounted for only 21.9% of the industry.
(2) capacity for independent innovation is weak, the low level of technology and equipment. The vast majority of agricultural pesticide R & D investment accounted for sales of less than 1%, only a few companies in the production of individual products to achieve a continuous, automated, most companies still focus on using process parameters shown in situ or manual remote control, capacity The increase also depends on the expansion of a single product. China created only 27 varieties of species, species grade, quality, compared with developed countries there is a big gap. Basic research is weak, insufficient capacity for new product development.
3 product structure needs to be further adjusted. Methamidophos has been completed in five kinds of highly toxic organophosphate pesticide reduction and substitution, as well as tert-parathion, phorate, methyl isofenphos varieties are still high-toxic pesticide production and use, these highly toxic pesticides varieties need to be further reduced and replaced. Pesticides, herbicides and fungicides ratio still needs to adjust the needs of agricultural production, fungicides a relatively small (only about 10%), especially for fruits, vegetables and other crops, fungicides less variety.
4 reduction and heavy task, the lack of effective means of disposing of waste disposal. Pesticide manufacturing by-products and unreacted raw materials, low recovery rate, high water salinity, high concentrations of biodegradable organic pollutants, some of the specific pollution factors means the lack of effective treatment. Most of the original drug manufacturers do not have the ability to deal effectively with specific pollutants. EC and other preparations containing toxic organic solvents is still more environmental problems can not be ignored. Pesticide packaging waste recycling has not been fully carried out.
Second, the trend
From an international perspective, with the United States and Europe increasingly high environmental standards, as well as more details of the international division of labor, developed the original drug and the manufacturing capability to gradually transfer to developing countries, international pesticide in domestic construction of large companies have wholly-owned, joint venture and research institutions, China's pesticide industry is both an opportunity and a challenge, one of leading enterprises can take advantage of foreign advanced technology to enhance their skills on the other hand the impact of weak competitiveness of domestic enterprises. With the development of pesticide technology. In addition, the EU's "Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction" (REACH regulation) and anti-dumping litigation will be China's pesticide exports have been affected.
Domestically, international pesticide giant has been the continuation of "Zhuanli pesticides - huge profits - R & D investment - new patent Nongyao" development path, while most domestic enterprises in the imitation stage, has created new varieties of intellectual property is still in the initial stage. Pesticide industry, the macroeconomic impact is less than the demand by the general chemical products, while agricultural demand for pesticides under the influence of the major pests and climate is directly related to the other country for the protection of agricultural production will increase investment demand for pesticides and secure. In addition, with the rapid economic development and rising living standards, environmental protection and people's growing awareness of food safety, pesticide production process "wastes" emissions continue to increase supervision of agricultural pesticide residue limits established by the standard will become more stringent, the layout of the pesticide business, new product development, new technology and put forward higher requirements. China's pesticide industry, industrial upgrading, will accelerate the pace of mergers and acquisitions, pesticide production will further large-scale, intensive direction, toward the high pesticide products, security, economic and environmental-friendly direction.
Third, the guiding principles and development targets
(A) guiding thoroughly implement the scientific concept of development, to further adjust the industrial layout and product mix to meet the needs of agricultural production and enhance food security support capabilities, accelerating technological innovation, promote industrial upgrading and industrial concentration, improve product quality and grades, the implementation of circular economy, reduce environmental pollution, increase resources, comprehensive utilization of energy, improve waste disposal management, to improve the international competitiveness of the pesticide industry, pesticide industry to promote the long-term stable and healthy development.
(B) development objectives
1 total target
By 2015, the pesticide industry output value reached 230 billion yuan, sales income of 220 billion yuan, profit of 15 billion yuan, an average annual growth reached 7.7%, 7.7%, 9.6%.
(2) industrial organization development goals
Further concentration of pesticide production in 2015, 30% reduction in the number of pesticide companies, with sales of 50 billion yuan more than five pesticide manufacturers with sales of 20 billion yuan more than 20 pesticide manufacturers. Top 20 pesticide manufacturers of original drugs will account for more than 50% of total. By 2015, strive to enter the concentration area of chemical pesticide companies reach the country's pesticide business for more than 50% of the total, sales training 2 or 3 over $ 10 billion internationally competitive conglomerates.
3 Product Development Goals
Maintaining a slight increase in total cases to optimize product structure, improve product quality, product quality, and strive to 2015, insecticides, fungicides and herbicides, the ratio of adjusted to 40:15:45. Efficient, safe, economic and environmental friendly production of new varieties account for more than 50%, highly toxic, high-yield varieties of residue from 5% to 3%.
4 innovation and development goals
Comprehensively improve the ability of independent innovation, establish and perfect the Pesticide system and innovative mechanisms to strengthen create varieties of market development, increase market share. Support qualified enterprises (groups) to establish and improve the GLP system and by relevant international mutual recognition. 2015, Pesticide totaled more than 50 varieties, focusing on pesticide R & D investment accounted for sales revenue reached more than 5%, pesticide industry-wide R & D investment accounted for more than 2% of sales revenue.
5 Technical Development Goals
By 2015, the pesticide industry as a whole will have a greatly improved level of technology, leading the production of large enterprises to achieve continuous, automatic; newly developed varieties of technical indicators, most of the old varieties of quality has reached international advanced level.
6 goals of environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of resources
By 2015, the special treatment of pollutants and improve the technology further enhance the "three wastes" emissions by 15%. Pesticide product yield increased by 5% by-product of resource utilization by 30%.
Fourth, the main task
(A) adjust the industrial structure
1 increased industrial concentration. Through mergers, restructuring, joint-stock reform, etc. set up large-scale pesticide enterprise groups, promote the formation of distinctive large-scale, multi-species group of pesticide manufacturers. 2 to 3 furniture foster the international competitiveness of enterprises.
(2) optimize the industrial layout. According to the market, resources and environmental capacity and other conditions, the formation of the regional advantages of industrial clusters. Strict control of the original drug manufacturers new distribution, new pesticide are treated to enter the professional industrial park, an important water source, urban suburbs and other environmentally sensitive areas of the existing pesticide companies to gradually implement the relocation admission.
3 strong adjustment of product structure. Focus on developing efficient, safe, environmentally friendly pesticide varieties for common-onset, refractory pests, soil pests, nematodes, pesticides and invasive alien pests nematicide, to adapt farming systems, farming technological change, herbicides, fruit trees and vegetables with a new fungicide and virus inhibitors, used for greenhouses, urban greening, flowers, garden crops, fungicides, seed treatment agent and environmentally friendly fumigant, positive development of plant growth regulators and fruit preservative, used to encourage the development of careen crop pesticides, biological pesticides and for non-agricultural areas of new pesticide products. To vigorously promote water-based pesticide formulations, clean, control the release of other efficient and safe direction. Encourage the development of saving and environment-friendly packaging materials.
4 behind the products and process equipment. Accelerate the elimination of "Guiding Catalogue of Industrial Structure Adjustment" in the backward and backward production technology products and equipment.
(B) increase the capability of independent innovation and technological upgrading
1. Actively promote the company as the main research unit support, market-oriented products as the core, a combination of pesticide technology innovation system, continue to support the development of new pesticides, create, make full use of modern techniques to enhance a intellectual property rights and market competitiveness of new pesticide research and development.
2 large enterprises to achieve continuous production of major products, automation. Increase the pesticide industry, common technology, key technology and integrated technology development, an important pesticide intermediates and intensify the development of special additives.
3. Strengthen the pesticide industry, intellectual property protection, access to the pesticide industry and product licensing and other aspects of audit focus on intellectual property protection to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.
(C) protect the ecological environment and resource conservation
1 existing pesticide manufacturers to the industrial park set to guide the development of circular economy pesticide manufacturers, to encourage clean production and reduce pollution, reduce the "three wastes" treatment costs.
2 for source management, development and implementation of cleaner production processes, increase pesticide "three wastes" treatment technology and equipment development, improve the recovery of raw materials utilization, improve the handling capacity of specific pollutants. Strengthening environmental management of pollution control facilities. Strict control of toxic solvents and additives to use, develop and promote water-based formulations and so on.
Fifth, safeguards
(A) to strengthen planning guidance
Departments around the industry, according to local conditions, organization and structure of the region's guiding document for development of pesticides, to promote the "pesticide industrial policy," implemented to optimize the industrial layout and product structure adjustment, improve product quality, to encourage corporate mergers and acquisitions, technology innovation, development efficient, environmentally friendly and safe new formulation of new varieties to reduce pesticide risks to society and the environment, cultivate independent brands, enhance the international competitiveness of China's pesticide products.
(B) the pesticide industry to improve the access threshold
Formulate and release "pesticide industry restrictions and obsolete products, technologies and equipment catalog" to improve industry access, strict control of new areas of excess capacity pesticide plant new capacity points and blind.According to the actual development of China's pesticide industry, eliminate backward production capacity, to stop low-level redundant construction, establish and improve the exit mechanism, out of serious environmental pollution, destruction of ecological environment, waste of resources and energy production technology and equipment.
(C) improve the management of the administrative licensing
Accordance with the "pesticide regulations" and "pesticide production management practices" requirements, improve the administrative licensing procedures and selection criteria to promote the construction of the administrative licensing information, create pesticide-based data sharing platform, to improve the efficiency of administrative licensing, to promote the industry, pesticide industry restructuring, to maintain the healthy development of the industry.
(D) increase the intensity of pesticide transformation
Focusing on the safety of agricultural production involving major investment projects of pesticides, pesticide manufacturers, clean production technology, high environmental risk pesticide alternatives, environmentally friendly pesticide formulations, high concentrations of phosphorus, salt and other wastewater treatment projects.
(E) establish and improve standards of pesticide products
Improve the standardization of the pesticide industry to improve production processes and equipment, pesticides, product quality, environmental protection, safety and other aspects of the standards. In accordance with GHS classification and labeling requirements, good uniform risk classification of pesticide products and labeling.
(F) monitor the operation of the industry to do
Held from time to time pesticide industry economic forum, organized business exchange, the pesticide industry to track problems in economic operation, coordinate and solve the import and export policies, trade disputes and other issues, run regularly publish analysis reports. The relevant departments jointly approved pesticides to the public, continuing approval, product registration and product licensing information.
(G) play the role of intermediary organizations
Strong industry associations and other intermediary organizations play in the economic operation monitoring, standard setting, research, and planning in areas such as the role of the preparation, establishment and improvement of statistical information and publishing, technology development and exchange, trade disputes and coordination service platform, to improve industry self-discipline, establish a credit system has played an important role.
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