Question many of my friends are: paraquat to tag dried weeds, but also how to play the role of glyphosate within the suction? Glyphosate Qibushibai white waste?
Back in 1996, I Jiaozuo Ge Ge Zhuang master to see the local farmers to paraquat and glyphosate mixed use, concurrent users are local so unusual. I also did not understand, found that they always increase the number of glyphosate, and paraquat plus less. Then I have personally done tests and found that GE chefs are right. Now whether the complex glyphosate and paraquat literature (literature, some not) summarized as follows:
First, a lot about the introduction of glyphosate, such as "Introduction to glyphosate", has "not with the substituted urea class of glyphosate, triazine, paraquat and other herbicides, to prevent and decrease the activity ; "
Second, glyphosate and paraquat mixture has been patented.
Preparation and application of glyphosate patent - Go to
62 CN99115217.4 containing a composition of glyphosate and paraquat
The invention relates to both glyphosate and paraquat Herbicide mix formula, characterized in that the active ingredient glyphosate and paraquat equivalent ratio of amine salt of glyphosate: Paraquat anionic = 100:4-40, with The herbicidal composition, its speed faster than that of glyphosate alone, dead grass in the winter cold season, the time required by the 15-20 days to 5-6 days, weeding effect, medication costs decreased by 10%.
Third, the "principle of herbicides," a paper with the following:
"Different herbicides to achieve the purpose of improving efficacy, tag-based herbicides and the strong suction-type herbicides, and sometimes reduce the weeding effect, such as paraquat and glyphosate mix, such as a large proportion of the amount of paraquat can rapidly anti-plant leaves, it loses absorption capacity, resulting in glyphosate weed leaves can not be fully absorbed, tends to reduce herbicide effect. "
Fourth, in Baidu Q & A, someone asked Glyphosate can be mixed with paraquat, the answer is as follows:
"Can be mixed, but note that the proportion of mix, as the contact toxicity of paraquat and glyphosate herbicide uptake and herbicide as internal, such as paraquat is caused by excessive absorption of glyphosate is not within the green parts of plants have been kill the weed situation in order to reach results. Two of the existing registered herbicide mixture, mixing ratio: Glyphosate: PQ = 37.8:2.2 "
Fifth, in what Miao, Wang Xuegui, Long Rui Rong, Ding Xu, Singapore, Zhouxian Lin et al in 2007, "Plant Protection and modern agriculture - China Plant Protection Society 2007 Annual Conference Proceedings," published by "glyphosate and paraquat Mixing Control in the antagonism of Alternanthera research "that:
In this experiment, the indoor filter based on the results, the strongest antagonism of glyphosate: paraquat (4:1) 10% grass processing hundreds EC, with 10% glyphosate and 20% Paraquat as control agents. The results showed that: Alternanthera Heart temporal mixture of net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, chlorophyll content and inhibition of MDA were decreased compared with the two single agents. Alternanthera by the low concentration of 10% glyphosate and 20% Paraquat treatment of MDA were 53.1347μmol / (gFW) and 71.2758μmol / (gFW), and 10% grass treatment per EC When MDA was 32.2187μmol / (gFW), antagonism evident.
Sixth, the experimental results and the botanical characteristics, I point of view:
Using a small amount of paraquat on plant leaves, stems were mild toxicity, plant respiration after injury enhanced absorption of glyphosate faster, leading to plant death. If paraquat large, resulting in direct dry leaf, the leaf can not be absorbed glyphosate, resulting in waste. Paraquat as Yao Yinzi here to use. Paraquat less, in moderation. Too directly to the absorption features of leaf damage, to no effect on glyphosate. This mixed result, not only can speed up the absorption, the effect is to speed up, you can also reduce the cost. Like to add a lot of wheat herbicides carboxylase B, carboxypeptidase B is to use as Yao Yinzi, in order to speed up the efficacy and reduce costs.
Rice Yan: I have seen a paraquat, root death is written, I think this plant is the principle of using it.
Yuchen fly: dead root type also added MCPA, right?
Professional weed control: the issue repeatedly said that low doses of paraquat glyphosate penetrant as in the works.
Wang: I have a question: For the complex with paraquat and glyphosate, I do not know whether the rate of increase turning green? Now see the market of glyphosate formulations in pursuit of quick result with the complex of carboxypeptidase B, but reviving many cases is greater. Whether the weeds after the burns will increase by the absorptive capacity also is questionable. A lot of speed up the absorption of herbicides in weed control speed while turning green was significantly increased. Such as: Quizalofop.
Agricultural handsome: Guangxi countryside in 2009 had such a product.
Hawker Yu dust: Guangxi countryside have dedicated and glyphosate mixed, and 20% of the paraquat (storm), good results.
Country cricket brother: I am here is a mountain, I was once so that farmers make use of the actual consumption decreased a little more than glyphosate, paraquat less specific is: with 2 pounds of glyphosate, paraquat to use ( relatively poor domestic bottle that 200 grams) 40 grams, general weeding effect or the fine, so the formula for general use in the mountains above the field, playing perennial weeds.
Spring agricultural: First, paraquat to kill weeds after a while, but at this time or crops can absorb considerable glyphosate, cloudy best. Second, the selectivity of weeds, because weeds on the glyphosate-sensitive part, but the other part of the paraquat-sensitive, their proper place. Third, you may like the two said. Fourth, the penetrating agent is glyphosate added, in a very short period of time into weed inside. In real use, some weeds on a good part of the bad.
Mountain Pa: you can also look into the Australian application of glyphosate and paraquat, you will understand why the United States, Monsanto's "Roundup" marketing rights to sell, because local products are said Xiongtai strong competition.
Happy Farmers: 8 kg +250 g of paraquat glyphosate efficient and fast for three days the grass yellow.
No trace of cloud Chen: Oh, I have been selling this, but I put three, paraquat + glyphosate + MCPA. . . . This effect alone feel good to serve.
Professional weed control: mixture of two agents is not possible to do the registration for two reasons, first the two do together unreasonable, many companies tried antagonistic out. Second, the state has completely stopped the related compound paraquat, and the abolition of the existing registration documents, such as paraquat grams (20% Paraquat Diquat).
yuanfulin: glyphosate and paraquat herbicide mix can actually increase the spectrum, but also shortens the time limit for dead grass, but there is a very important issue is the amount of upstairs had a friend say, "storms" can be complex, It is possible, but all with the normal amount, and that basically a waste of Roundup Ready! The correct complex methods should be the amount of glyphosate should be the normal standard, half the amount of paraquat, such as 41% of the glyphosate used 100ML, then 20% of the paraquat should use 25-30ML, (any Paraquat will do) The reason is simple, if you use the normal amount of paraquat weed in a half-hour will wilt Yan, Lai Buji simply glyphosate absorption, if paraquat half, then the weeds wilt Yan will slow a lot, several hours or longer, that glyphosate is not to absorb it? Here is such a complex.
Hawker Yu dust: 15 kg of water with a normal amount of glyphosate, 20% Paraquat 20-25ML.
Zhengzhou Zhang Weixing: For the "turn green rate" the words, from the literal view, the herbicide did not weeds rot, and reviving growth, the existence of a certain percentage. Use of herbicides on the weeds turn green after the rate, I think so:
First, in the spectrum herbicide herbicide within the young grass, no weeds lignification of the strong growth period, as long as they sprayed in place, the conditions are right, there should not be turning green rate.
The principle of chemical weed control: In addition to early, in addition to small. In such cases, the rational use of drugs, correct spray, do not leak spray, suitable temperature and humidity, there is no turning green rate. - If there were such a situation, would have to doubt the quality of the product itself.
Second, the use of herbicides, the weeds may be a "turning green rate" in several situations:
1, for the common herbicide, the temperature will affect the absorption of weeds to herbicides, a number of factors that could cause weeds "turning green rates."
In general, low temperature will affect the absorption of weeds, as the temperature increased, the weeds to speed up the absorption of the herbicide, efficacy accelerated.
(1) Low temperature affects the absorption of weeds to herbicides, and then there are "turning green rate" phenomenon. This situation, in the wheat fields weeding, weeding rape fields are more common.
At low temperatures, the plant life activities such as respiration, photosynthesis, absorption, operation and so will slow down, therefore, weed herbicide absorption at low temperatures after 7 days in the hot summer months can be demonstrated only good weed effects of herbicides, often due to the impact of low temperature about 15 days to see the performance of the poisoning effect of weeds. This is the most suction-type herbicides in the performance at low temperatures. The early winter or early spring such as the use of acetochlor, isoproturon, carbamate herbicide, are prone to "turn green rate" phenomenon.
It is worth mentioning that the amide herbicide, isoproturon, Fluoroglycofen ether, Acifluorfen (Da Keer, weeds net), oats Ling (Bar board, chlorine, acetylene grass Ling), wild wheat fear (A fear of), etc. used at low temperature, not only will "turn green rate" phenomenon, but also the corresponding crop of wheat, soybeans, sugar beets and other produce phytotoxicity.
(2), as the temperature continues to rise, more than 35 ℃, some herbicides is increasing but the increase is slow, individual herbicide dosage should be increased. Diclofop-methyl pyridine fluorine such as refined (refined stability killing), otherwise, there will be weeds, "turning green rate" phenomenon.
(3), not sensitive to temperature, or does not affect the ultimate efficacy of the herbicide, there will be "turning green rate" phenomenon.
Such as fast off spirit, paraquat, bromobenzene octanoyloxyphenyl cyanide (with local farmers), the tag-type selective herbicide, although small by low temperature and climate impact, if the weeds, but no corresponding increase in the larger dosage of the case on the weeds to kill and die, will inevitably lead to weed the "turning green rate" phenomenon.
Postemergence herbicide absorption within the conduction Fluroxypyr (Starane, governance herbicides Spirit, grass fluoride determined fluroxypyr) and ethyl benzene compound of preparation, although the ultimate effect of temperature on the weed has no effect but will affect the efficacy of the play, not "given the size of the dose identified grass" situation, it still will "turn green rate" phenomenon. Such as the 2007 appears in eastern Henan, Henan weeds "turning green" phenomenon manufacturers to a greater level of "beach" in the technology promotion at no truthfully inform the farmers, to farmers to calculate the "very cost-effective dosage" , is actually a weed germination when Control in just the dosage. With a "This drug quantity" control "he weeds", could I not appear weeds "turning green rate"?
In general, the temperature above 15 ℃, the effect is a smooth performance. And below 10 ℃, the effect would likely be affected by temperature. When the temperature gradually rises, a vicious competition based on the current herbicide companies quick success, at the expense of brand attitude, there weeds "turning green rate" phenomenon was also normal.
2, for the common herbicide, especially in the inner suction-type herbicides, soil moisture will seriously affect the absorption of weeds to herbicides, resulting in weeds, "turning green rate" phenomenon.
(1), for the suction-type herbicides, in general, are "effective humidity, drought effects gap."
Plant growth has a feature called "dry root length, wet buds", when drought conditions, plants will soon appear several instinctive reaction: leaves erect, curly, light to avoid evaporation and air-dry; leaves secrete waxy layer, close leaf stomata to reduce water out; slow conduction within the suction; root "to water" function activated to the existence of deep water in the lower bar. Spraying of herbicides at this time are the disadvantages of legislation: the drug leaves less; the drug easy to fall; absorption slow conduction; too well-developed root system. This situation, no weeds, "turning green rate" phenomenon also strange.
The case of soil moisture, leaf fully extended sunlight; swaying in the breeze in the beautiful figure; leaves no wax layer; fully open stomata breath of sweet fresh air of nature; metabolism strong absorption of conduction; roots Well, This has to drink the bar anyone who does not become the next "big foolish"? And this situation, weeds you want to "turn green rate"? Do "Daydream" it.
Drought and soil humidity, an anti a positive, herbicides are not self-evident. So, one with door to door within the suction-type herbicides, grandiloquent says things like "we are not afraid of drought within the suction herbicide!" "Weed stubble regardless of moisture!" Famous last words.
(2), the tag-type herbicides, weed control efficacy under normal circumstances and humidity independent, and more and "light" on. There are also tag-type herbicides can be absorbed by plants, but poor conductivity.
There is a technical term, called "light activated", also known as "sensitive" or "optical activity", generally meaning that the "light" to play a role in participation. Here, "light" refers to the sun more.
The stronger the activity, the stronger the light, "light" No, activity also senseless. Light activation of herbicides, pesticides are a part of light-activated, the other is light-activated pesticides.
The key light-activated photosensitizer pesticides in the presence of oxygen under the conditions of light and photosensitizer produces singlet oxygen catalyst, or kill pests. Photosensitizer effect depends on the singlet oxygen yield of the most child, the molecules themselves not only from the catalytic reactions involved in drug trunk and susceptible to degradation, so half of pollution on the environment. The singlet state in the cell's biochemical many points, so that their resistance to pests is not easy.
Herbicides for optical activity, it is another interpretation, namely, by interfering with herbicides to interrupt plant photosynthesis in a certain aspect, such as:
Three nitrogen benzene, phenyl urea and uracil herbicides - inhibition of photosystem Ⅱ in the light reaction of electron flow;
Bipyridine class paraquat - intercepted photosynthetic light photosystem I, anti-electronic;
Glufosinate-ammonium - nitrogen assimilation pathway in inhibition of glutamate synthetase enzyme activity;
Diphenyl ethers and N-phenyl heterocyclic herbicide - inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis protoporphyrinogen oxidase;
Da Grass V, F set ketones - A desaturase by inhibiting the direct inhibition of carotenoid biosynthesis;
Three different E azole ketones and herbicides - response by inhibiting desaturase quinone cofactors in an indirect hinder the biosynthesis of carotenoids;
Eventually leading to plant photosynthesis can not proceed smoothly and be "starved to death." This type of herbicide, such as paraquat, the most important factor to determine its efficacy, in fact, is the "light" factor, cloudy with poor results, when strong light, the effect of natural good - and a statement will only delay the drug treatment cloudy effective speed of the final results but will not affect the Department】 【doubt. Therefore, the use of paraquat weed after the "turning green rate" often with light, woody weeds, spraying it in place, if perennial weeds are perennial weeds, etc., whereas the and the "quick result" does not matter .
The other tag-based herbicides, such as nitrofen, grass dry ether (which can be absorbed by weeds, but not in plants, transmission), you need to pay attention to spray weeds "turning green rate" depends on whether the use of "poison indigenous "Is there light conditions, germination of weeds, spraying it in place, whether perennial weeds and other factors. Nitrofen lighting conditions must be put in the weeds killed.
PCP-Na: eliminate endogenous tag-type herbicides, weeds can be absorbed, but not in plants conduction. Weeds "turning green rate" depends on spraying in place, whether perennial weeds and other factors. Light of the rapid decomposition.
Acifluorfen: the selective contact leaf processing agent. Light can play herbicidal activity. Weeds "turning green rate" depends on the lighting conditions, weeds lignification, whether spraying in place, whether perennial weeds and other factors. Lighting conditions can play a herbicidal activity after application of the enhancement increased with light efficacy.
Oxyfluorfen (fruit Seoul), weed burning, fomesafen, g wide music, Fluoroglycofen ether: for the selective contact herbicide, both for the soil treatment, but also has a high leaf processing activity. Weeds "turning green rate" depends on spraying in place, whether perennial weeds and other factors. They must take place in light conditions herbicidal activity.
Nitrile and the bromoxynil iodobenzene: a tag-based treatment agent stems, stomata is the main way into the plants. Weeds "turning green rate" depends on the soil is dry, light intensity, weed lignification situation, whether spraying in place, whether perennial weeds and other factors.
Dinitrobenzene herbicides (trifluralin, Butralin, weeding through): Weeds of the "turning green rate" depends on whether the mixed soil, germination of weeds, spraying it in place and whether factors such as perennial weeds . UV extremely unstable, especially trifluralin volatilization, photolysis, stronger, time after application in the field mixed with soil to prevent light harrow solution. Butralin also mixed soil. In contrast, pendimethalin volatilization and photolysis slow, can not impose on the soil surface Hunban, Weed Control in little effect on.
(2), the closed herbicides (bud herbicides), the main and soil moisture, soil texture, spraying technique, spraying against the water on, in addition to a small number of herbicide weed ethers, the more and the "light" has nothing to do.
For example, soil moisture is to determine the size of the membrane to form a key factor in the smooth, dry soil is difficult to form film with weeds, "turning green rate" for high; soil fertility, microbial activities, strong, and the dosage is low, weed " turning green rate "for high; the soil closed to the general requirements of higher water content, the production generally use 4 sprays (manual workers and peasants -15 type sprayer for example) of water per acre of soil water closed a reasonable, if used 2 spray water spray, the membrane formation is not tight, weed "turning green rate" for high; and so on.
Dinitrophenyl herbicide such as trifluralin, Butralin, weeding through such an exception, even under drought conditions in the good herbicidal effect of volatile, it is not available in other characteristics of herbicides.
2, for the common herbicide, weed species, especially weed, weeds easily lead to "turn green rate" phenomenon.
The so-called weed, is adaptability, reproductive ability, can quickly spread into the dominant population, and most of the perennial weeds, roots developed, it is difficult Control in. Usually includes resistance to weeds, perennial weeds, perennial weeds, etc., Control of these weeds and prone to "turn green rate" high phenomenon.
Parts of such weeds are hereby listed as follows:
Guangzhou: shrimp dish pliers, alligator grass, safflower, sorrel, wood sorrel, snow grass, coriander days, sedges, water centipede, trip blades of grass and so on.
Shenzhen: Cyperus rotundus, the light scales of water centipede, Bermuda grass, a thousand blades of grass and so on.
Chongqing: Cyperus rotundus, breaking coins, such as safflower shamrock.
Guangxi: Alternanthera, bermudagrass, clover, day coriander, Cyperus rotundus, Imperata cylindrical, water, centipedes, wood sorrel and other perennial weeds, the most damaging.
Yangzhou: Cynodon, Cyperus rotundus and so on.
Nanyang City: Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus and various Compositae and so on.
Xining: composite plants such as dandelion, Cephalanoplos, bitter vegetables and so on.
In North: sedge, Bermuda grass, front, weeds and other Labiatae.
Changde: Days coriander, water, peanuts, Ukraine pentaphyllum, corymbosa, Imperata, paederiae, Phyllanthus and so on.
Duyun Area: days coriander, bermudagrass, centipede water, alligator grass, white clover, day coriander, saffron and other shamrock.
Shenyang: dandelion, sow thistle, Cephalanoplos, front and so on.
Corridor: Cephalanoplos, front, alone, top Yu Ju and so on.
Leshan: shamrock, day coriander, Cynodon, Cyperus rotundus, alligator grass, Malan, scissors, grass, such as the Yangtze buttercup.
Wuhan: bermudagrass, alligator grass, Cyperus rotundus, Cephalanoplos, chicory food, clover, Plantago, wild peas.
Zhengzhou: Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus, field bindweed, Cephalanoplos, chicory food, Chinese creeper, yellow wood sorrel and so on.
Zhanjiang: three gold, water, centipedes, blunt leaf grass, Horseshoe payment.
Suzhou City: Alligator grass, Bermuda grass, white clover, coriander and other days.
Subtropical areas of golf courses: Cyperus rotundus, water centipedes, yellow wood sorrel, Panicum repens, day coriander, alligator grass, corn straw, Ploughshares grass.
46 south of the Yangtze River Valley Golf Course: Panicum repens, carpet grass, Cyperus rotundus, water, centipedes, days coriander, sorrel, corn grass, alligator grass, three gold, mimosa, Centella asiatica, Phyllanthus Chu, Ploughshares grass, flowers Hedyotis corymbosa, flying grass, lobelia, chain pod beans and so on.
Of particular note is that different from the North, South, such as Hainan, the majority of weeds because the temperature is high, even in the winter, there are many so-called north during the growth of annual weeds, perennial weeds often become.
In the above areas, the use of Herbicides these weeds, prone to "turn green rate" phenomenon.
In summary, the weeds "turning green rate" and herbicides quick result are not necessarily linked. Instead, and weed species, control period, the weed lignification, light conditions, herbicides are mixed with soil, soil moisture, temperature and other factors related to herbicides and the impact of each type of conditions are not the same.
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